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The Asiatic cheetah (''Acinonyx jubatus venaticus''), also known as the Iranian cheetah, is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies surviving today only in Iran. It used to occur in India as well, where it is locally extinct.〔 The Asiatic cheetah lives mainly in Iran's vast central desert in fragmented pieces of remaining suitable habitat. Although once common, the cheetah was driven to extinction in other parts of Southwest Asia from Arabia to India including Afghanistan. As of 2013, only 20 cheetahs were identified in Iran but some areas remained to be surveyed.〔〔 The total population is estimated to be 40 to 70 individuals, with road accidents accounting for 40% of deaths.〔〔 Efforts to stop the construction of a road through the core of the Bafq Protected Area were unsuccessful.〔 In order to raise international awareness for the conservation of the Asiatic cheetah, an illustration was used on the jerseys of the Iran national football team at the 2014 FIFA World Cup.〔 Currently in 2015, it is estimated that approximately 50 cheetahs are living in the wild of Iran, however their numbers are rising. The Asiatic cheetah separated from its African relative between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago.〔 Along with the Eurasian lynx and the Persian leopard, it is one of three remaining species of large cats in Iran today.〔 During the British colonial times in India it was called hunting leopard, a name derived from the ones that were kept in captivity in large numbers by the Indian royalty to use in hunting wild antelopes.〔 In Dutch, the cheetah is still called ''jachtluipaard''. The Hindi word चीता cītā is derived from the Sanskrit word ''chitraka'' meaning "speckled". ==Characteristics== Asiatic cheetahs are slimmer, lighter and slightly shorter than their African brethren.〔 The head and body of an adult Asiatic cheetah measure from with a tail length between . It weighs from . Males are slightly larger than the females. The cheetah is the fastest land animal in the world.〔 It was previously thought that the body temperature of a cheetah increases during a hunt due to high metabolic activity.〔 In a short period of time during a chase, a cheetah may produce 60 times more heat than at rest, with much of the heat, produced from glycolysis, stored to possibly raise the body temperature. The claim was supported by data from experiments in which two cheetahs ran on a treadmill for minutes on end but contradicted by studies in natural settings, which indicate that body temperature stays relatively the same during a hunt. A 2013 study suggested stress hyperthermia and a slight increase in body temperature after a hunt.〔 The cheetah's nervousness after a hunt may induce stress hyperthermia, which involves high sympathetic nervous activity and raises the body temperature. After a hunt, the risk of another predator taking their kill is great and the cheetah is on high alert and stressed.〔 The increased sympathetic activity prepares the cheetah's body to run when another predator approaches. In the 2013 study, even the cheetah that did not chase the prey experienced an increase in body temperature once the prey was caught, showing increased sympathetic activity.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Asiatic cheetah」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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